/* Research: listing (research.html) and long-form articles.
   Every selector is scoped under .research-page. Load after page-frame.css / footer.css
   and before link-states.css. Outer frame comes from .studio-wrap. */

.research-page{--rs-measure:50rem;--rs-wide:72rem;--rs-text:#2b2d50;--rs-meta:#56597a;--rs-ground:#d9d9e8}

/* ---------- Shared card ---------- */
.research-page .research-card{position:relative;min-width:0}
.research-page .research-thumb{overflow:hidden;background:var(--rs-ground);aspect-ratio:3/1}
.research-page .research-thumb img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.research-page .research-date{margin:0 0 .5rem;font-family:Manrope,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:.09em;line-height:1.4;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--rs-meta)}
.research-page .research-card-title{margin:0;font-family:Manrope,sans-serif;font-weight:550;letter-spacing:-.03em;line-height:1.2;color:#23264a;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}
.research-page .research-card-link{color:#23264a;text-decoration:none}
/* Whole card is one link: the title anchor's overlay covers the card. */
.research-page .research-card-link::after{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:1}
.research-page .research-summary{margin:.6rem 0 0;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.55;color:#4d5175}
.research-page .research-card:hover .research-card-link,:root .research-page .research-card-link:focus-visible{color:#161637;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--link-underline);text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:4px}
:root .research-page .research-card-link:focus-visible{outline:none}
.research-page .research-card-link:focus-visible::after{outline:2px solid #343474;outline-offset:6px}

/* ---------- Listing ---------- */
.research-page .research-index-head{padding:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4rem) 0 clamp(1.5rem,3vw,2.25rem)}
.research-page .research-index-head h1{margin:0}
.research-page .research-index-dek{margin:1.1rem 0 0;max-width:none;font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.6;color:#4d5175}
.research-page .research-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0 0 clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem)}
.research-page .research-list>li{border-top:1px solid var(--studio-line,#c3c3d3)}
.research-page .research-list>li:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--studio-line,#c3c3d3)}
.research-page .research-list .research-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr);gap:clamp(1.5rem,3.5vw,3.5rem);align-items:center;padding-block:clamp(1.5rem,2.6vw,2.25rem)}
.research-page .research-list .research-card-title{font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2vw,1.9rem)}

/* ---------- Article ---------- */
.research-page .research-article{padding-top:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4rem)}
.research-page .research-head{max-width:var(--rs-wide);margin-inline:auto}
.research-page .research-kicker{margin:0 0 1.25rem;font-family:Manrope,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:.09em;line-height:1.4;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--rs-meta)}
.research-page .research-kicker a{color:#343474;text-decoration:none}
.research-page .research-kicker a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--link-underline)}
.research-page .research-article h1{max-width:20em;margin:0;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,4.2vw,3.75rem);line-height:1.08;letter-spacing:-.045em;text-wrap:pretty;overflow-wrap:break-word}
.research-page .research-resources{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.25rem 2rem;list-style:none;margin:1.5rem 0 0;padding:0}
.research-page .research-hero{max-width:var(--rs-wide);margin:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.25rem) auto;background:var(--rs-ground)}
/* Natural proportions once loaded; 3:1 reserves space before then. */
.research-page .research-hero img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:auto 3/1}

.research-page .research-prose{max-width:var(--rs-measure);margin-inline:auto;padding-bottom:clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem);font-size:1.1875rem;line-height:1.75;color:var(--rs-text);overflow-wrap:break-word}
.research-page .research-prose>*{margin-block:0}
.research-page .research-prose>*+*{margin-top:1.35em}
.research-page .research-prose h2{margin-top:2rem;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.3vw,2rem);line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:-.035em;text-wrap:pretty}
.research-page .research-prose h3{margin-top:1.75rem;font-size:clamp(1.3rem,1.8vw,1.5rem);line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.03em;text-wrap:pretty}
.research-page .research-prose :is(h2,h3)+*{margin-top:.8em}
.research-page .research-prose a{color:#343474;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:rgba(52,52,116,.4);text-underline-offset:4px}
.research-page .research-prose a:hover{color:#161637;text-decoration-color:var(--link-underline)}
.research-page .research-prose strong{font-weight:650;color:#23264a}
.research-page .research-prose code{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:max(1rem,.9em);overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.research-page .research-prose :is(ul,ol){padding-left:1.4em}
.research-page .research-prose li+li{margin-top:.5em}
.research-page .research-prose blockquote{margin-inline:0;padding:.1em 0 .1em 1.5em;border-left:2px solid #8f91b4;color:#3c3f63}
.research-page .research-prose blockquote>*{margin:0}
.research-page .research-prose blockquote>*+*{margin-top:1em}

/* Equations scroll inside their own box rather than widening the page. */
.research-page .research-prose mjx-container[display="true"]{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;padding-block:.4em}
.research-page .research-prose mjx-container[display="true"]>svg{max-width:none}
.research-page .research-prose mjx-container:not([display="true"]){max-width:100%}

/* Figures: wide plates may extend past the reading measure. */
.research-page .research-figure{margin-inline:0}
.research-page .research-figure-link{display:block;background:#fff}
/* Overrides the older .studio .research-figure cap so author figures keep full size. */
.research-page .research-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:none;object-fit:fill}
.research-page .research-figure:not(.is-tall){width:min(var(--rs-wide),100vw - 2 * var(--page-gutter,1.25rem));position:relative;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%)}
.research-page .research-figure.is-tall{max-width:40rem;margin-inline:auto}
.research-page .research-prose>.research-figure,.research-page .research-prose>.research-table-figure{margin-block:2.25em}
.research-page figcaption{margin:.9rem auto 0;max-width:var(--rs-measure);font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.55;color:#4d5175}
.research-page .research-table-figure{margin-inline:0}

/* Tables scroll internally on narrow screens. */
.research-page .research-table{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
.research-page .research-table:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #343474;outline-offset:4px}
.research-page .research-table table{width:100%;min-width:36rem;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}
.research-page .research-table :is(th,td){padding:.7rem .9rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--studio-line,#c3c3d3);vertical-align:top}
.research-page .research-table :is(th,td):first-child{padding-left:0}
.research-page .research-table :is(th,td):last-child{padding-right:0}
.research-page .research-table th{font-family:Manrope,sans-serif;font-weight:650;color:#23264a;border-bottom-color:#8f91b4;text-align:left}
.research-page .research-table mjx-container{white-space:nowrap}

.research-page .research-source{padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid var(--studio-line,#c3c3d3);font-size:1.0625rem;color:#4d5175}
.research-page .research-prose>.research-source{margin-top:2.5em}

/* ---------- More research ---------- */
.research-page .research-more{border-top:1px solid var(--studio-line,#c3c3d3);padding-block:clamp(2rem,4vw,3rem) clamp(3rem,6vw,5rem)}
.research-page .research-more-head{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:.5rem 1.5rem;margin-bottom:clamp(1.25rem,2.5vw,2rem)}
.research-page .research-more-head h2{margin:0;font-size:clamp(1.6rem,2.4vw,2.2rem)}
.research-page .research-more-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,3rem)}
.research-page .research-more .research-thumb{margin-bottom:1.1rem}
.research-page .research-more .research-card-title{font-size:clamp(1.3rem,1.7vw,1.6rem)}

/* ---------- Responsive ---------- */
@media(max-width:900px){
 .research-page .research-list .research-card{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.25rem}
}
@media(max-width:760px){
 .research-page .research-more-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.25rem}
 .research-page .research-prose{font-size:1.125rem}
 .research-page .research-resources{gap:.25rem 1.5rem}
}